Reviews (2)

Interesting look at life on the Costa Rican plaza
Professor Setha M. Low's book On The Plaza-The Politics of Public Space and Culture discusses the interrelationship of public space and culture.She primarily focuses on two plazas in San Jose, Costa Rica, the Parque Central and the Plaza de la Cultura, while also making references to other places such as Tenochtitlan in Mexico. Using ethnographic, ethnohistorical, microgeographical, and statistic sampling methods, Low argues that "these culturally and politically charged public spaces are essential to everyday civic life and the maintenance of a participatory democracy." Well written, an unbiased observer
I read this book mainly because as a Tico (Costa Rican) I was very surprised somebody would write a whole book about a couple of places that for me are part of my everyday life. Besides having been to the Plazas of Europe and seen on TV the huge plazas that some other Latin American countries (Mexico, Guatemala, Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, etc) have I was curious to find out the reason behind her choosing of the Parque Central and the Plaza de la Cultura for this work.Read more

Subjects:  1. Anthropology - General    2. Civilization    3. Costa Rica    4. History    5. Human Geography    6. Latin America    7. Multicultural Nonfiction    8. Plazas    9. San Jose (Costa Rica)    10. San Josâe    11. Social Science    12. Social life and customs    13. Sociology    14. Sociology - General    15. Architectural structure & design    16. Cultural studies    17. Social & cultural anthropology    18. Social Science / Anthropology / General   

Subjects:  1. Demography    2. Human Population    3. Population forecasting    4. Science/Mathematics    5. Social Forecasting    6. Social Science    7. Sociology    8. Sociology - General    9. Population & demography   

Reviews (2)

An ecological history of property in one of Wisconsin's most famous regions
Written by the assistant professor of history and environmental studies at Western Michigan University, A Thousand Pieces Of Paradise: Landscape And Property In The Kickapoo Valley is an ecological history of property in one of Wisconsin's most famous regions, the Kickapoo Valley. Monitoring the development of Kickapoo property uses and debates through history, from problems of soil erosion and conservation to the rise of local communities including Amish settlements, to modern changes such as the nearly (but not quite) completed La Farge dam, the negotiation process over the rights to deer hunting on the land, and the return of the Ho-Chunk. Extensively researched and carefully documented, A Thousand Pieces Of Paradise is thoroughly accessible to lay readers and scholars alike, and searches past history of Kickapoo Valley's rural ecosystems in hope of offering accurate future predictions of and solutions to future problems for Kickapoo Valley and other lands like it.
An ecological history of property in one of Wisconsin's most famous regions
Written by the assistant professor of history and environmental studies at Western Michigan University, A Thousand Pieces Of Paradise: Landscape And Property In The Kickapoo Valley is an ecological history of property in one of Wisconsin's most famous regions, the Kickapoo Valley. Monitoring the development of Kickapoo property uses and debates through history, from problems of soil erosion and conservation to the rise of local communities including Amish settlements, to modern changes such as the nearly (but not quite) completed La Farge dam, the negotiation process over the rights to deer hunting on the land, and the return of the Ho-Chunk. Extensively researched and carefully documented, A Thousand Pieces Of Paradise is thoroughly accessible to lay readers and scholars alike, and searches past history of Kickapoo Valley's rural ecosystems in hope of offering accurate future predictions of and solutions to future problems for Kickapoo Valley and other lands like it.
Read more

Subjects:  1. Ecology    2. Environmental Conservation & Protection - General    3. Environmental Policy    4. History    5. History - General History    6. History - U.S.    7. History: American    8. Human Geography    9. Kickapoo River Valley    10. Land tenure    11. Landscape    12. Property    13. United States - State & Local - General    14. United States - State & Local - Midwest    15. Wisconsin    16. Wisconsin - Local History    17. Management of land & natural resources    18. Social Science / Human Geography   

Subjects:  1. Business & Economics    2. Business / Economics / Finance    3. Business/Economics    4. Earth Sciences - Geography    5. Economic Conditions    6. Economic geography    7. Economics - General    8. Economics - Theory    9. Business & Economics / Economic History    10. Economic theory & philosophy   

Features

• Illustrated

Subjects:  1. Effect of human beings on    2. General    3. Human Geography    4. Nature    5. Political    6. Political Science    7. Politics/International Relations    8. Sociology    9. Human ecology    10. Management of land & natural resources    11. NATURE_EFFECT OF HUMAN BEINGS ON    12. Nature / General   

Reviews (7)

Diffuse Debunking of Diffusionism
Anyone familiar with academic professor-style writing will understand the structural weakness of this book. There are four very long chapters related to Blaut's theoretical argument, and they almost certainly originated as separate research projects written at different times for different audiences. Blaut has tied things together with occasional transitional paragraphs, surrounded by a shell of a general argument. Some knowledgeable reviewers here have found problems with Blaut's general history, and that's legitimate, but the fundamental problem with this book's construction makes such matters of detail a moot point.
Orientalism-lite: a weak and poorly grounded book...
It is difficult to critique Blaut's book without falling into the trap of expounding the `Eurocentric diffusion' theory oneself.If he was making the point that many historical thinkers at many points in time were guilty of over-estimating the uniqueness and impact of any `European miracle', then I would have some sympathy with his argument. However, his aims are much grander.He wishes to prove that the success of `Western' civilisation was a geographical happenstance, and that the whole canon of European historiography is built on the basis of `Eurocentric diffusion', and he, of course, is the only person to have spotted this. Pops a Few European Balloons
This is a good critique of the assumptions made by Eurocentric historians over the years about the superiority of Europe as compared to the inferiority of the rest of the world.Blaut effectively examines and explodes each theory dispassionately but thoroughly.Finally he comes up with his own explanation for European success since 1492:America.Europe's "discovery" of and exploitation of North and South America gave it the wherewithall it needed to overtake and surpass the rest of the world.A well written, well documented assessment which deserves a place beside The Great Divergence and ReOrient, among others. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Eurocentrism    2. General    3. History    4. History - General History    5. Human Geography    6. Philosophy    7. Political Science    8. Politics/International Relations    9. World - General    10. Colonization & independence    11. Geography    12. Social Science / Human Geography   

Reviews (2)

Excellent analysis of currentissues in Latin America.
The is a most impressive analysis of economic, political, social and cultural life in Latin America. This excellent book offers an holistic approach to understanding these changes, relating them to the widerprocesses of modernization and globalization. An international group ofscholars with impressive credentials and from a wide range of disciplinesattempt to contextualize their different disciplinary foci within a broadpolitical economic approach that provides a critical yet balanced view anddetailed analysis of the neoliberal policies pursued by almost allcountries in the region.They contend that a new political economy isbeing contructed in Latin America, as national economies become radicallyreconstructed and transformed, democracy becomes the instituional norm, andnew social arrangements are being created. The constestation andalternatives to this new global modernity are also explored. In sum, thisexcellent book fulfills a much needed market niche for students, scholars,and the educated avid reader, who require an interdisciplinary andcontemporary approach to Latin American development. Complete, coherentpolitical-economicanalysis of Lat. Am.
Robert Gwynne and Cristobal Kay have put together an impressive and timely analysis of current trends in Latin American Development. The coverage of the countries of the region is excellent, as is that of their economic,political, and social trends...The range of issues raised and the qualityof their documentation make this an excellent text for teaching and forresearch. Prof. Bryan Roberts, University of Texas at Austin ... Read more

Subjects:  1. 1980-    2. 1982-    3. Development - Economic Development    4. Earth Sciences - Geography    5. Economic conditions    6. Globalization    7. International economic integration    8. Latin America    9. Political Science    10. Politics / Current Events    11. Politics and government    12. Politics/International Relations    13. Public Policy - Economic Policy    14. American history: from c 1900 -    15. Cultural studies    16. Development studies    17. Human geography    18. Political Science / Economic Policy    19. Political economy    20. Politics | Comparative Politics | Latin America    21. South America   

Reviews (4)

Not Just for Writers!
I picked this bad boy up at the museumstore at SF Moma.It is a handsome, weighty book, with a beautiful, interesting cover.The book made a good impression on me. Great resource for interdisciplinary artists
If you are a person who cares about places, an artist who is looking for ideas on how to incorporate a place-based ethic in your work, a nomad who longs for a greater sense of rootedness, or an environmentalist who wants to explore new ways to communicate, this is the book for you.The depth and breadth of Lucy Lippard's experience of America is impressive.She has lived in Maine, New York City, and New Mexico, and has collected stories of artists who are reflecting on their relationship to the place they live from around the country.The book is incredibly diverse, looking at the issues of homelessness, the changing face of the American West, the unique personalities of suburbs, rural areas, and big cities (to name just a few topics) through the lens of geography and art. boring
this was a horrible book. i dont recommend it to anyone. read only if you dare! ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Anthropology - Cultural    2. Art    3. Criticism    4. Criticism - General    5. Ethnology And Ethnography    6. Geographical perception    7. Human Geography    8. Multiculturalism    9. Social life and customs    10. Sociology    11. United States    12. Cultural studies    13. History of art & design styles: from c 1900 -    14. Human ecology    15. Social Sciences   

Reviews (3)

Living Machines
I found the book to be very informative. It was specific enough to understand his work even if you aren't a biologist yet tied together nicely with an holistic paradigm that wasn't overdone. His vision of the ideal future for urban planning seemed reasonable and worth aiming for.

not much new since 1985
While I find Dr. Todd's work inspiring, this time around I was disappointed by this particular book.There isn't much new in it since the 1985 publication of Bioshelters, Ocean Arks, and City Farming: Ecology as the Basis of Design.For example, Eco-Cities lifted at times the same paragraphs and sentences from Bioshelters when describing the Cape Cod Ark, the Margaret Mead sailing boat, the Lindisfarne Hamlet, and rooftop gardens. new approacj and ideas
Dr. Todd presents us with clear, easy and very logical ideas of how weshould live and build our cities. This book should be a required readingfor most professionals that deal with development. I would like to see asecond book with more hands on examples. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Architecture, Domestic    2. Bioengineering    3. Environmental Planning And Management    4. Environmental Science    5. Environmental Studies    6. Environmental aspects    7. Fish-culture    8. Human Geography    9. Human ecology    10. Nature/Ecology    11. Applied ecology   

Reviews (2)

Its Where We All Come From
By tracing the history of immigration to America, this bookreminds us all of who we are and where we come from. Almost everyone in this country comes from somewhere else. We are all immigrants. This comprehensive look at immigration delves deep into our collective soul as it describes in glorious detail the passion and vitality of immigrant life in America; where we came from and who we are. Great, comprehensive and enjoyable
This book is well written and imaginatively illustrated. Elkan Presman's writing is clear, consise and a joy to read. This is a must read for everyone interested in iommigration to America, whether it is from the stance of your own personal history, or in terms of the development of the nation.Read more

Subjects:  1. Emigration & Immigration    2. Emigration and immigration    3. History    4. History: American    5. Sociology    6. United States    7. United States - General    8. Sale Books   

Reviews (2)

Returning to Experience
We are asked to see things apart from what Evernden sees as socially constructed view of nature.It is this very social construct, he argues, that separates each item in nature as an object.Objectifying beings, effectively removes us from the environment and allows us to evolve a "thick skin." We are aiding this paradigm along, through our formal training.We are asked to explore a Neo-romantic approach to nature. But the central task of the chapters that follow is not so much descriptive as exploratory, and the first step must be an examination of the failure of the environmental movement to achieve its goals.He introduces "numbers" as public enemy no. 1. The system will say all that needs to be said about the mountain - and say it with numbers.By examining nature in terms of numbers, we have effectively "gone over to the other side." Therein lies the fatal weakness of the so-called ecology movement.In seizing arguments that would sound persuasive even to indifferent observers environmentalists have come to adopt the strategy and assumptions of their opponents.He says that beings in nature should not even be seen in terms of dollars and cents.It takes away what is essential in living beings. monetary evaluations distracts us from the fact that the values at issue are not economic in the first place.Below is an articulation of something that I have felt for a long time. It is one thing to say that the environmentalist should not have to justify the existence of each creature in economic terms, but quite another to try to protect wildlife here and now, without using every argument available.
This book saved my sanity
This is the book that started me on my career as an environmental writer/philosopher.In my late twenties I thought I was going insane because so much around me made so little sense: we're destroying the planetyet people continue with their lives as though nothing is wrong.And thenI read The Natural Alien, and I realized that it's the culture that iscrazy, not me.This book helped me to see how the insane and destructiveactions of our culture spring from how we perceive the world, and revealedthe hidden assumptions that guide the destructiveness.I will be foreverin debt to Neil Evernden for writing this extraordinary book. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Environmental protection    2. Human Geography    3. Human ecology    4. Nature/Ecology    5. Philosophy    6. Sociology    7. Ethics & moral philosophy    8. NATURAL HISTORY, COUNTRY LIFE & PETS    9. Nature / Environmental Conservation & Protection   

Reviews (1)

Comprehensive Intro. of Biodiversity and Human Interference
Kellert does a wonderful job of carefully exploring how humans define and perceive nature, respective of their cultural backgrounds, gender, economic status, et. al. His study, one that took a couple of decades to accomplish,provides readers with an abundance of information about bioligicaldiversity, ideas about biophilia, and ways in which we can lessen ourdestructive impact on the natural world.Read more

Subjects:  1. Biological Variation    2. Ecology    3. Environmental degradation    4. Human Ecology    5. Life Sciences - Ecology    6. Moral and ethical aspects    7. Nature    8. Nature/Ecology    9. Philosophy    10. Philosophy of nature    11. Wildlife    12. Applied ecology    13. Science / Environmental Science    14. Social impact of environmental issues   

Subjects:  1. Earth Sciences - Geography    2. Science    3. Science/Mathematics    4. Social Science / Human Geography   

Subjects:  1. Anthropology - Cultural    2. Archaeology / Anthropology    3. Discrimination & Racism    4. Ethnic Studies - General    5. Ethnicity    6. Human Geography    7. Israel    8. Middle East - Israel    9. Multiculturalism    10. National characteristics, Israeli    11. Social Science    12. Sociology    13. Nationalism    14. Palestine   

Reviews (2)

disappointed
They said that it was the second edition and it's not. I bought the book and probably I'll have to buy the newest edition.

Dry but Useful.
This book surveys major ideas in comparative Urban Geography. It is not a fun read, but it is chock full of useful information presented in text, chart and table forms. For those of us studying international relations or geography it is a useful resource with information that can undergird our research and writing in any number of areas that deal with cities throughout the world. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Human Geography    2. Social Science    3. Sociology    4. Sociology - Urban    5. Third World Development    6. Urban geography    7. Regional geography    8. Science / Geography    9. Urban communities   

Reviews (2)

Real World Geography
I like how the book explored Urban Issues and also how it had the ArcMap exercises at the end of each chapter.
Study urban with a new approach
I was very impressed by the authors broad scope of knowledge on urban phenomenon in both developed and developing countries. The way they introduce various theories in urban geography by incorporating comparative case studies on LA, Chicago, and Mexico City makes the material more concrete to non-urban geographers. The authors systematically walk through the definition, components, dynamics, problems, and planning of urban system. This would be an ideal material for a graduate level class in addition to the undergraduate level it was designed for. The exercises coming with the book provide excellent coverage of the GIS techniques necessary for urban studies. They are closely related to the topic of the book and include some creative use of GIS, such as validating central place theory or modeling neighborhood transition with Markov chains in ArcGIS. The GIS approach is a big complement to the statistics and econometrics used in traditional urban researches.
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Subjects:  1. Earth Sciences - Geography    2. Human Geography    3. Remote Sensing    4. Science    5. Social Science    6. Sociology    7. Science / Geography   

Subjects:  1. Adaptation (Physiology)    2. Adaptation To Environment    3. Ecology    4. Effect of environment on    5. Human Ecology    6. Human Geography    7. Human beings    8. Life Sciences - Ecology    9. Nature    10. Sociology    11. Anthropology    12. Applied ecology    13. Environmental Studies    14. ENVIRONMENTAL ANTHROPOLOGY   

Reviews (4)

Fascinating
Nelson's work is so absolutely excellent. His sentence and paragraph structure are so easy to flow with that I think he could make just about anything interesting. Often anthropologies are dry or are just this side of being believable....as is the case in some books about adventures among far-flung populations. Nelson is so thorough in his describing of myth, language and native understandings which engage the reader's imagination. He's an incredible writer-just as good as those fiction writers who are touted as being great artists in the New York Times Book Review that comes out with the Sunday edition. His writings are well grounded and there is nothing New Age or simplistic in his portrayals of the natural world or indigenous peoples in this case. I find his realism refreshingly accurate and precise when alot of what appears on his same subjects are vague emotional tomes that can be finished in an afternoon and promptly forgotten. If his name appears as author on any written work, read it!!

Seeing Alaska
As an anthropologist trained in Alaska, I recommend this book to anyone who wants to understand something more of what they see in Alaska than they can get from a tour guide. It will enhance your sensitivity to the power and mystery of Alaska and you'll see more than you would have if you hadn't read it.

Anthropology and Humility
A fresh direction for anthropological study that is from the "inside." The author lives "among" the people and learns from them, taking pains to distinguish the influence of"western" cultural values. The relationship between this"outsider" and the people who recieve him among them should bethe model for all such explorations. ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Alaska    2. Ecological Anthropology    3. General    4. Human Geography    5. Human ecology    6. Koyukon Indians    7. Natural history    8. Sociology    9. Anthropology    10. Ethnic or tribal religions    11. Social Science / Human Geography   

Reviews (4)

Not a bad starting point...
Mr. Benson's guide to urban survival is an interesting, if not very deep, guide to surviving some very hard times in an urban area. He touches on all the basic topics that one will need to know about in order to survive, and applies a basic 'rule of threes' strategy toall of them. Unfortunately, the book never gets beyond the basics of the topics presented. You're also going to have to wade through a lot of contradictory information to assess what is best for your situation. For example, he discourages solar power as it is expensive and could compromise the location of your retreat, but he praises the noisy and expensive diesel generator later. Overall though, this book is worth a read. One very strong word of caution, however. Take his food storage section with a very large grain of salt. The information presented there is dubious at best, and his guide to canning meats with a steam bath canner could very well get you killed.

Urban survival? How about history of urban survival in war.
This book is more about the history of urban survival, rather than a survival guide. The info contained within is very vauge. He uses more examples of what other people have done rather than teaching you what to do. What info there is, is quite good, but only a few pages of the book are usefull. If you can get the book used at a real good price it would be good to have just to give you a reference for what the worst case could be, but as a survival guide it fails to instruct on the techniques of urban survival in any significant manner.

Better than I expected...
When I first saw this book I wasn't going to buy it. Too many of these survival books just rehash the same info just to sell a book.But I'm embarased to say because of the title I tried it.I was surprised it wasalot better than expected.Ragnar really did focus on urban survival andused quite a few quotes, stories and examples from other real lifesurvivors in urban invironments. This book is fresh compared to hislast few books.Because of this book I'm going to buy his next bookSurvival Nursing.Benson was starting to get stale but he is back! ... Read more

Subjects:  1. City dwellers    2. Martial Arts & Self-Defense    3. Military - Strategy    4. Outdoor Skills    5. Personal & Practical Guides    6. Reference    7. Sociology    8. Sociology - Urban    9. Sports & Recreation    10. Survival skills    11. Combat sports & self-defence    12. Gender studies    13. Outdoor survival skills    14. Sports & Recreation / Outdoor Skills   

Reviews (1)

liberation ecologies
In the years since Piers Blaikie published his radical studiesof soil erosion in the mid 1980s and coined the term "regionalpolitical ecology" with Harold Brookfield, human- environmental interactions in developing countries have become increasingly sophisticated. Geographers have taken a central role in debates about the social and economic causation of land degradation and hazards, and explored environmentally- inspired social movements, NGOs, and other resource management institutions. One landmark contribution was a special issue of Economic Geography on the theme of "Environment and Development", published in 1993. The papers from that journal issue helped to inspire a healthy debate that has echoed through the left- environmental journals and conference networks.In this edited volume, Dick Peet and Michael Watts have taken several re-worked papers from that special issue, and added new contributions. Their aim in Liberation Ecologies is to "integrate critical approaches to political economy with notions derived from post-structural philosophy" (p260), thereby critiquing and extending the political ecology framework. The book offers ten chapters, and an introduction and a conclusion by the editors. All the contributors are academics teaching in the United States, although at least seven are non-Americans. All but two (Escobar and Moore) were trained as geographers.All have some connection with the universities of Clark and Berkeley, and some with both. Four studies deal with Asia: three with Latin America, and four with Africa, with a strong bias towards rural environments. The long gestation period of the book, the theoretical mastery of its editors, and the credentials of its contributors add up to a polished and wide ranging survey of a vibrant and challenging field. In their Introduction, Peet and Watts provide an interesting reading of current debates in environment and development theory. They also criticize Blaikie's political ecology for its "plurality" (p7) , and they see its "voluntarist" explanations as largely "without politics or an explicit sensitivity to class interest and social struggle" (p8). Their own Liberation Ecology approach should operate from a wider epistemological base. It should tackle politics, including the actions of peoples' movements built around environmental justice and land rights. It should also show how local environmental knowledge is incorporated into alternative development strategies, look at the social construction of environment and development language and debates, and forge new forms of environmental history and ecology. It is a "discursive arena" (p38) which broadens debates about the environment to tackle the three domains of livelihood, entitlement, and social justice. Liberation ecology, therefore, adds neglected components to a "regional political ecology" analysis.Each chapter differs in its adoption of Peet and Watts' agenda, and none embraces every aspect of Liberation Ecology. The first two papers show how established environmental debates are socially constructed, emerging from a established, commercialized western orthodoxy. Escobar demolishes the aims and methods of sustainable development and biodiversity conservation, approaches that view the environment as a relatively unproblematic arena for technical interventions. Instead he promotes a postmodern view which sees nature as "socially constructed" by people and their intellectual and technical labors. Yapa's paper places the scientific response to poverty, and particularly Green Revolution improved seed varieties, as a reaction to another "construct" - an erroneous view of poverty. Poverty, he argues, resulted from these programs, rather than being solved by them. Bebbington takes on this line of thinking to challenge the vague support given by western writers to alternative development and indigenous organizations...As environments have been transformed, so have social relations. This theme also emerges in the work of Schroeder and Suryanata, who look at the potential of agroforestry to change the economic landscape and tenure relations. Agroforestry receives international praise, but can be wholly inappropriate to local needs, as in the case of pesticide-laden apple orchards in Java. Rangan takes on an example of what Robin Mearns and Melissa Leach call an "environmental orthodoxy" - the widespread belief in the successes of the Indian Chipko movement. She argues this movement is, unwittingly, a part of western development discourse, and it has held back social development by insisting on forest extraction legislation to the benefit of a small minority of traders and loggers.Other voices calling for tree-felling to supply local fuelwood, rather than tree-hugging, have been drowned out. Muldavin shows how Chinese agrarian restructuring now involves similar processes to capitalist industrial restructuring - "communal capital" is being destroyed under the new Chinese regime, and there are many localized environmental effects resulting from commercial agro- complexes. Three issues emerged in my reading of the book. Firstly, in attempting to re-fashion political ecology as a research tool and an epistemology, theoretical coherence is proposed around the notion of liberation ecology. Yet the contributors show great variety in research styles and in their conceptions of justice and development scenarios, and they are less strong in their support of post-structural theory and discourse analysis than the editors. The papers by Bebbington and Escobar, for example, sit far apart in their methods and their implications for policy. The editors never insisted on a on a unified voice, and recognise this eclecticism in the closing chapter (p262).However it is evident that the contributors' theoretical approaches are as diverse as the locations and societies they have investigated. This leads me to wonder if "liberation ecology" is actually an umbrella for disparate analytical forms. Secondly, despite promoting new and better forms of ecological analysis and environmental history in the Introduction (p12), few of the contributors then document, or explain, bio-physical processes or discuss recent advances in scientific or ethno- scientific evidence for environmental transformations. I think it is legitimate to ask why ecological analysis is lacking in this important book, especially since papers with a systems framework or natural science component did appear in the original 1993 Economic Geography collection. Writers in the "new ecology" tradition including Leach, Rocheleau and Scoones are well aware of the need to understand non- equilibrium ecological systems alongside the social, political and economic issues stressed in Liberation Ecologies. Instead, "environmental imaginaries", a term drawn from the work of Castoriadis, is used approvingly by Peet and Watts to describe the unique world-views of particular societies. These collective visions, or "social constructions" of nature, frame social action and development. But they do not, I would argue, provide the hard evidence ... Read more

Subjects:  1. Case studies    2. Developing countries    3. Development - Economic Development    4. Ecology    5. Economic development    6. Environmental Science    7. Environmental aspects    8. Human Geography    9. Human ecology    10. Science    11. Science/Mathematics    12. Sociology    13. Applied ecology    14. Development studies    15. Environmentalist thought & ideology    16. Science / Environmental Science